Essay
Key words: activity, preparation of demonstration experiment, generalized methods of activity.
Demonstration experiment is an integral organic part of the training experiment and represents the reproduction of physical phenomena with the help of special instruments and equipment. The use of the demonstration experiment in training plays a significant role as a means of creating new knowledge. On the empirical level of cognition without it one can not obtain material for generalization, and at the theoretical level of cognition it plays the role of that practice, without which one can not be sure of the truth of the result of theoretical reasoning.
In the professional activity, the physics teacher often has to use demonstration experiments. In this regard, teaching students the activities of the teacher when preparing demonstration experiments is mandatory.
According to the school demonstration experiment, a large number of experiments were developed for each section, as well as devices used in the experiment, too many. Where can I get the time for the students to master these devices and the individual actions for performing each demonstration experiment? This issue can be resolved through the identification of actions that are common to all private activities. The theory of activity believes that the formation of generalized skills takes significantly less time than the formation of private methods of activity.
1. In the development of approaches to teaching students the technique and methodology of a school physical experiment, the following stages can be singled out: Execution of works on the study of physical instruments and equipment.
2. Performing demonstration experiments on ready-made descriptions.
3. Show demonstration experiments in class before a group of students.
4. Preparation of demonstration experiments and creation of a training and experimental facility using generalized methods of activity, development of lessons fragments based on the theory of activity.
At the last stage of the development of approaches to teaching students the methodology and techniques of the school demonstration experiment, generalized methods of activity are taught-activities that the future teacher can use to prepare any demonstration experiments. A person will be independent of the conditions in which he will act if he generates activities in a generalized form. In this regard, I believe that the fourth stage, which is based on an activity approach, and training in generalized methods of activity is most effective.
