The fundamentals of English grammar
Passive Voice
In English there are two ways to describe actions
Passive Voice
Active Voice
Страдательный залог
Действительный залог
compare
- This magazine is read by millions of people.
- The article was translated by Mary.
- This work will be finished tomorrow.
- Millions of people read this magazine.
- Mary translated the article.
- We will finish this work tomorrow.
Пассивный залог используется, когда нам более важен объект действия , а не тот, кто его совершил.
При этом объект или предмет, над которым совершалось действие, встаёт на место подлежащего.
Forms of the verb in Passive Voice
Modal verbs
can/could be V 3/ed
must be V 3/ed
may be V 3/ed
should be V 3/ed
have/has to be V 3/ed
V
To be
3/ed
Present
Simple
am
Past
Perfect
is
was
have
Continuous
are
Future
been
am
were
is being
will be
has
was
had been
are
will have been
being
were
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
V 3/ed
Prepositions
- Mary painted the fence with a special brush.
with
by
употребляется перед предметом, с помощью которого было совершено действие
употребляется перед предметом или объектом, совершившим действие
The fence was painted
by Mary.
The fence was painted
with a special brush.
- London was completely destroyed by fire in 1666.
- Many beautiful museums in London are often visited by tourists.
- The cheese was cut with a special knife.
- Our furniture is cleaned only with a special substance.
Phrasal verbs with prepositions
Глаголы, после которых нельзя забывать предлог!
A Funny Story:
hear of
pay attention to
take care of
laugh at
look at
look after
look for
listen to
make fun of
rely on
depend on
send for
speak of/about
talk about
think of
provide for
explain to
pay for
be rich in
be proud of/ take pride in
be responsible for
Be careful!!!
